• Fully understand the trial's purpose, nature, methodology, and potential adverse reactions, voluntarily participate as a subject, and sign the informed consent form.

• Aged 18 to 65 years (inclusive, based on the date of signing the informed consent form), regardless of gender.

• Diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) according to the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria.

• SLEDAI-2000 score ≥7 with at least one BILAG A or two BILAG B domains, despite standard therapy.

• Meet at least one of the following criteria: positive antinuclear antibody (ANA) ≥1:80 at screening, positive anti-dsDNA antibody at screening, or positive anti-Sm antibody at screening.

• Have had an inadequate response to at least two standard therapies (e.g., corticosteroids, antimalarials, immunosuppressants, biologics) prior to screening, including at least one immunosuppressant and/or biologic. Prior to the first dose, subjects must have been on a stable dose of corticosteroids (e.g., ≤40 mg/day prednisone or equivalent at screening and during the screening period; if used alone, ≥7.5 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) and/or antimalarials and/or immunosuppressants for at least 12 weeks, with doses stable for ≥30 days.

• Females of childbearing potential must agree to use highly effective contraception from screening until 6 months after the last dose and refrain from oocyte collection or donation during this period. Their male partners of childbearing potential must also use effective contraception.

• Males of childbearing potential must agree to use highly effective contraception from screening until 6 months after the last dose, with no plans for fertility or sperm donation. Their female partners of childbearing potential must also use effective contraception during this period.